Buffalo Island is a small strip of land lying in eastern Craighead County and western Mississippi County in northeast Arkansas. It lies between Little River and Big Lake on the east and the St. Francis River on the west. It varies in width from 10 to 16 miles and is about 40 miles long.
Buffalo Island, which was once a high ridge covered with cane, got its name from the fur traders, the first white men to come into the area. Seeing the great herds of Buffalo that inhabited the Island, they spoke of the area as Buffalo Island.